') } .amp-carousel-button-prev { background-image: url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,Previous ') } .ampstart-dropdown { min-width: 200px } .ampstart-dropdown.absolute { z-index: 100 } .ampstart-dropdown.absolute>section, .ampstart-dropdown.absolute>section>header { height: 100% } .ampstart-dropdown>section>header { background-color: #000; border: 0; color: #fff } .ampstart-dropdown>section>header:after { display: inline-block; content: "+"; padding: 0 0 0 1.5rem; color: #003f93 } .ampstart-dropdown>[expanded]>header:after { content: "–" } .absolute .ampstart-dropdown-items { z-index: 200 } .ampstart-dropdown-item { background-color: #000; color: #003f93; opacity: .9 } .ampstart-dropdown-item:active, .ampstart-dropdown-item:hover { opacity: 1 } .ampstart-footer { background-color: #fff; color: #000; padding-top: 5rem; padding-bottom: 5rem } .ampstart-footer .ampstart-icon { fill: #000 } .ampstart-footer .ampstart-social-follow li:last-child { margin-right: 0 } .ampstart-image-fullpage-hero { color: #fff } .ampstart-fullpage-hero-heading-text, .ampstart-image-fullpage-hero .ampstart-image-credit { -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone; box-decoration-break: clone; background: #000; padding: 0 1rem .2rem } .ampstart-image-fullpage-hero>amp-img { max-height: calc(100vh - 3.5rem) } .ampstart-image-fullpage-hero>amp-img img { -o-object-fit: cover; object-fit: cover } .ampstart-fullpage-hero-heading { line-height: 3.5rem } .ampstart-fullpage-hero-cta { background: transparent } .ampstart-readmore { background: linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(0, 0, 0, .65) 0, transparent); color: #fff; margin-top: 5rem; padding-bottom: 3.5rem } .ampstart-readmore:after { display: block; content: "⌄"; font-size: 2rem } .ampstart-readmore-text { background: #000 } @media (min-width:52.06rem) { .ampstart-image-fullpage-hero>amp-img { height: 60vh } } .ampstart-image-heading { color: #fff; background: linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(0, 0, 0, .65) 0, transparent) } .ampstart-image-heading>* { margin: 0 } amp-carousel .ampstart-image-with-heading { margin-bottom: 0 } .ampstart-image-with-caption figcaption { color: #4f4f4f; line-height: 1.125rem } amp-carousel .ampstart-image-with-caption { margin-bottom: 0 } .ampstart-input { max-width: 100%; width: 300px; min-width: 100px; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5rem } .ampstart-input [disabled], .ampstart-input [disabled]+label { opacity: .5 } .ampstart-input [disabled]:focus { outline: 0 } .ampstart-input>input, .ampstart-input>select, .ampstart-input>textarea { width: 100%; margin-top: 1rem; line-height: 1.5rem; border: 0; border-radius: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #4a4a4a; background: none; color: #4a4a4a; outline: 0 } .ampstart-input>label { color: #003f93; pointer-events: none; text-align: left; font-size: .875rem; line-height: 1rem; opacity: 0; animation: .2s; animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(.4, 0, .2, 1); animation-fill-mode: forwards } .ampstart-input>input:focus, .ampstart-input>select:focus, .ampstart-input>textarea:focus { outline: 0 } .ampstart-input>input:focus:-ms-input-placeholder, .ampstart-input>select:focus:-ms-input-placeholder, .ampstart-input>textarea:focus:-ms-input-placeholder { color: transparent } .ampstart-input>input:focus::placeholder, .ampstart-input>select:focus::placeholder, .ampstart-input>textarea:focus::placeholder { color: transparent } .ampstart-input>input:not(:placeholder-shown):not([disabled])+label, .ampstart-input>select:not(:placeholder-shown):not([disabled])+label, .ampstart-input>textarea:not(:placeholder-shown):not([disabled])+label { opacity: 1 } .ampstart-input>input:focus+label, .ampstart-input>select:focus+label, .ampstart-input>textarea:focus+label { animation-name: a } @keyframes a { to { opacity: 1 } } .ampstart-input>label:after { content: ""; height: 2px; position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 45%; background: #003f93; transition: .2s; transition-timing-function: cubic-bezier(.4, 0, .2, 1); visibility: hidden; width: 10px } .ampstart-input>input:focus+label:after, .ampstart-input>select:focus+label:after, .ampstart-input>textarea:focus+label:after { left: 0; width: 100%; visibility: visible } .ampstart-input>input[type=search] { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none } .ampstart-input>input[type=range] { border-bottom: 0 } .ampstart-input>input[type=range]+label:after { display: none } .ampstart-input>select { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none } .ampstart-input>select+label:before { content: "⌄"; line-height: 1.5rem; position: absolute; right: 5px; zoom: 2; top: 0; bottom: 0; color: #003f93 } .ampstart-input-chk, .ampstart-input-radio { width: auto; color: #4a4a4a } .ampstart-input input[type=checkbox], .ampstart-input input[type=radio] { margin-top: 0; -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; width: 20px; height: 20px; border: 1px solid #003f93; vertical-align: middle; margin-right: .5rem; text-align: center } .ampstart-input input[type=radio] { border-radius: 20px } .ampstart-input input[type=checkbox]:not([disabled])+label, .ampstart-input input[type=radio]:not([disabled])+label { pointer-events: auto; animation: none; vertical-align: middle; opacity: 1; cursor: pointer } .ampstart-input input[type=checkbox]+label:after, .ampstart-input input[type=radio]+label:after { display: none } .ampstart-input input[type=checkbox]:after, .ampstart-input input[type=radio]:after { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; content: " "; line-height: 1.4rem; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; background-color: #fff } .ampstart-input input[type=checkbox]:checked:after { background-color: #003f93; color: #fff; content: "✓" } .ampstart-input input[type=radio]:checked { background-color: #fff } .ampstart-input input[type=radio]:after { top: 3px; bottom: 3px; left: 3px; right: 3px; border-radius: 12px } .ampstart-input input[type=radio]:checked:after { content: ""; font-size: 3rem; background-color: #003f93 } .ampstart-input>label, _:-ms-lang(x) { opacity: 1 } .ampstart-input>input:-ms-input-placeholder, _:-ms-lang(x) { color: transparent } .ampstart-input>input::placeholder, _:-ms-lang(x) { color: transparent } .ampstart-input>input::-ms-input-placeholder, _:-ms-lang(x) { color: transparent } .ampstart-input>select::-ms-expand { display: none } .ampstart-headerbar { background-color: #fff; color: #000; z-index: 999; box-shadow: 0 0 5px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .1) } .ampstart-headerbar+:not(amp-sidebar), .ampstart-headerbar+amp-sidebar+* { margin-top: 3.5rem } .ampstart-headerbar-nav .ampstart-nav-item { padding: 0 1rem; background: transparent; opacity: .8 } .ampstart-headerbar-nav { line-height: 3.5rem } .ampstart-nav-item:active, .ampstart-nav-item:focus, .ampstart-nav-item:hover { opacity: 1 } .ampstart-navbar-trigger:focus { outline: none } .ampstart-nav a, .ampstart-navbar-trigger, .ampstart-sidebar-faq a { cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none } .ampstart-nav .ampstart-label { color: inherit } .ampstart-navbar-trigger { line-height: 3.5rem; font-size: 2rem } .ampstart-headerbar-nav { -ms-flex: 1; flex: 1 } .ampstart-nav-search { -ms-flex-positive: 0.5; flex-grow: 0.5 } .ampstart-headerbar .ampstart-nav-search:active, .ampstart-headerbar .ampstart-nav-search:focus, .ampstart-headerbar .ampstart-nav-search:hover { box-shadow: none } .ampstart-nav-search>input { border: none; border-radius: 3px; line-height: normal } .ampstart-nav-dropdown { min-width: 200px } .ampstart-nav-dropdown amp-accordion header { background-color: #fff; border: none } .ampstart-nav-dropdown amp-accordion ul { background-color: #fff } .ampstart-nav-dropdown .ampstart-dropdown-item, .ampstart-nav-dropdown .ampstart-dropdown>section>header { background-color: #fff; color: #000 } .ampstart-nav-dropdown .ampstart-dropdown-item { color: #003f93 } .ampstart-sidebar { background-color: #fff; color: #000; min-width: 300px; width: 300px } .ampstart-sidebar .ampstart-icon { fill: #003f93 } .ampstart-sidebar-header { line-height: 3.5rem; min-height: 3.5rem } .ampstart-sidebar .ampstart-dropdown-item, .ampstart-sidebar .ampstart-dropdown header, .ampstart-sidebar .ampstart-faq-item, .ampstart-sidebar .ampstart-nav-item, .ampstart-sidebar .ampstart-social-follow { margin: 0 0 2rem } .ampstart-sidebar .ampstart-nav-dropdown { margin: 0 } .ampstart-sidebar .ampstart-navbar-trigger { line-height: inherit } .ampstart-navbar-trigger svg { pointer-events: none } .ampstart-related-article-section { border-color: #4a4a4a } .ampstart-related-article-section .ampstart-heading { color: #4a4a4a; font-weight: 400 } .ampstart-related-article-readmore { color: #000; letter-spacing: 0 } .ampstart-related-section-items>li { border-bottom: 1px solid #4a4a4a } .ampstart-related-section-items>li:last-child { border: none } .ampstart-related-section-items .ampstart-image-with-caption { display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -ms-flex-wrap: wrap; flex-wrap: wrap; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 0 } .ampstart-related-section-items .ampstart-image-with-caption>amp-img, .ampstart-related-section-items .ampstart-image-with-caption>figcaption { -ms-flex: 1; flex: 1 } .ampstart-related-section-items .ampstart-image-with-caption>figcaption { padding-left: 1rem } @media (min-width:40.06rem) { .ampstart-related-section-items>li { border: none } .ampstart-related-section-items .ampstart-image-with-caption>figcaption { padding: 1rem 0 } .ampstart-related-section-items .ampstart-image-with-caption>amp-img, .ampstart-related-section-items .ampstart-image-with-caption>figcaption { -ms-flex-preferred-size: 100%; flex-basis: 100% } } .ampstart-social-box { display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex } .ampstart-social-box>amp-social-share { background-color: #000 } .ampstart-icon { fill: #003f93 } .ampstart-input { width: 100% } main .ampstart-social-follow { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 315px } main .ampstart-social-follow li { transform: scale(1.8) } h1+.ampstart-byline time { font-size: 1.5rem; font-weight: 400 } /*----------------custom css----------------*/ @font-face { font-family: 'Raleway'; font-style: normal; font-weight: 700; font-display: swap; 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PHOTO STORY / NAS Kelas Menengah Indonesia Kian Rentan Selasa, 27 Februari 2024 oleh : Cheppy A. Muchlis Karyawan muda Karyawan kelas menengah berjalan kaki saat jam makan siang di kawasan bisnis Kuningan, Jakarta Selatan, Selasa (27/2/2024).(KONTAN/Cheppy A. Muchlis) Karyawan kelas menengah Karyawan kelas menengah berjalan kaki saat jam makan siang di kawasan bisnis Kuningan, Jakarta Selatan, Selasa (27/2/2024).(KONTAN/Cheppy A. Muchlis) Karyawan muda Karyawan kelas menengah berjalan kaki saat jam makan siang di kawasan bisnis Kuningan, Jakarta Selatan, Selasa (27/2/2024).(KONTAN/Cheppy A. Muchlis) Jam makan siang Karyawan kelas menengah menikmati makan siang di kawasan bisnis Kuningan, Jakarta Selatan, Selasa (27/2/2024).(KONTAN/Cheppy A. Muchlis) Karyawan kelas menengah Karyawan kelas menengah berjalan kaki saat jam makan siang di kawasan bisnis Kuningan, Jakarta Selatan, Selasa (27/2/2024).(KONTAN/Cheppy A. Muchlis) Kelas menengah di Indonesia kian rentan akibat minimnya ketersediaan lapangan kerja formal.
Laporan terbaru Bank Dunia dalam Indonesia Economic Prospects (IEP) Desember 2023 menyatakan, prevalensi pekerjaan layak dengan standar kelas menengah di Indonesia turun cukup signifikan pada periode 2019-2022, dari 14% menjadi 9% dari total lapangan kerja.
Saat itu, jumlah pekerja mandiri dan pekerja informal yang bekerja serabutan naik signifikan, sedangkan porsi pekerjaan yang terhitung layak bagi kelas menengah menurun.
Kelas menengah juga memiliki permasalahan dalam pengeluaran yang tidak sebanding dengan pendapatan.
Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) 2021 dan Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional (Sakernas) 2021 mengungkapkan jika sisa gaji per bulan kelompok kelas menengah semakin berkurang, hingga akhirnya minus akibat lonjakan kenaikan pengeluaran yang lebih tinggi dibanding penghasilan.
Pewarta Foto: Cheppy A Muchlis Editor: Daniel Prabowo